Montgomery, L., Zapolski, T., Banks, D. E., & Floyd, A. (2019). Puff, puff, drink: The association between blunt and alcohol use among African American adolescents and young adults. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 89(5), 609–615. 

Abstract
Although African Americans report lower levels of alcohol use relative to their White counterparts, they experience higher rates of alcohol-related problems (e.g., alcohol dependence). One understudied connection between alcohol use and dependence is the dual use of illicit drugs,
especially marijuana use. It is speculated that blunt use in combination with alcohol will have
more adverse alcohol-related consequences among African Americans than alcohol use alone or alcohol and nonblunt marijuana use. The current study uses pooled data from the 2011–2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health to examine the odds of alcohol dependence based on
alcohol and marijuana typology in comparison to alcohol only users. Among 11,124 African
American adolescents (12–17) and young adults (18–25) who consumed alcohol in the past year,
57.5%, 36.8%, and 5.7% reported alcohol use alone and in combination with blunt use and
nonblunt marijuana use, respectively. Relative to alcohol users only, youth who used alcohol and
blunts had increased odds of having alcohol dependence. This association was not found among youth who reported alcohol and nonblunt marijuana use. The increased rates of alcohol
dependence highlight the public health concern of dual alcohol and a specific type of marijuana
use (i.e., blunts) among African American youth. (Read full manuscript here.)

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WEB 2.0 EDUCATION. Dedicated to Implementing the Teachings of Our Elders and Ancestors. Mission TO Represent the interests and concerns of all Learners and Teacher at RBG Communiversity, TO Bring together all aspects of New Afrikan (Black) peoples life for the purpose of improving our social, political, economic, educational and moral condition in America, TO Encourage unity among our elders and youth, and the Afrikan Family, Community and Nation at large, TO Discourage and abate socio-structural, institutional and individual acts and symbols of white supremacy / racism. TO Heighten awareness and coalitions between all people, regardless of race, sex, religion, or national origin when said groups are willing to work in our best interest and TO promote a Hip-Hop-Black Liberation spirit of academic excellence, prestige and scholarship. Description This Educational Program and Research Project is Dedicated to Further Building the Hip Hop--Black Liberation Movement Connection by Integrating Conscious Digital Edutainment with A Scholarly Self Directed Learning Environment.

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